Urban built form shapes avian richness in green spaces

Urban biodiversity plays an important role in ecological processes and ecosystem services within cities, making conservation a priority many municipal sustainability plans. green spaces (UGS) have been key strategy for by providing habitat wildlife, including avian communities. While the attributes necessary to enhance habitability of UGS communities are relatively well known, understanding how variation surrounding urban matrix influences richness outcomes these spaces, is less understood. As new areas continue develop become increasingly areas, designers planners will need better ways which built form patterns at matrix-level influence site-level UGS. To that end, this study investigates 4 variables , capturing three-dimensional (3D) configuration patterns, 6 on total foraging guild using generalized linear model methods 22 This analysis was conducted high resolution land cover data, LiDAR twenty years bird occurrence data from eBird community science program well-surveyed Los Angeles, California. The size best predictor across all groups, confirming previous findings. However, several metrics, when included with size, improved prediction Carnivores, Insectivores, Omnivore guilds, indicating does some groups results suggest most factor space, but too, especially considered 3D perspective.